Descripex

Self-describing API declarations for Elixir. Define a function's documentation, machine-readable hints metadata, and runtime introspection with a single api() macro call — no separate @doc blocks needed.

Installation

Add descripex to your dependencies:

def deps do
  [
    {:descripex, "~> 0.7"}
  ]
end

Usage

defmodule MyLib.Funding do
  use Descripex, namespace: "/funding"

  api(:annualize, "Annualize a per-period funding rate to APR.",
    params: [
      rate: [kind: :value, description: "Per-period funding rate as decimal", schema: float()],
      period_hours: [kind: :value, default: 8, description: "Hours per period", schema: pos_integer()]
    ],
    returns: %{type: :float, description: "Annualized percentage rate", schema: float()},
    returns_example: {:ok, %{apr: 10.95}}
  )

  @spec annualize(number(), pos_integer()) :: float()
  def annualize(rate, period_hours \\ 8) do
    rate * (365 * 24 / period_hours) * 100
  end
end

The api macro generates:

• @doc — human-readable documentation from the description and params
• @doc hints: — machine-readable metadata for agent consumption
• __api__/0 and __api__/1 — runtime introspection functions
• schema: — Elixir type syntax compiled to JSON Schema via json_spec at compile time (zero runtime cost)

api/3 option highlights

• returns defines return shape and human summary
• returns_example adds a concrete example rendered in docs and included in @doc hints:
• schema on params/opts/returns compiles Elixir type syntax (e.g., float(), [String.t()], :buy | :sell) to JSON Schema at compile time
• composes_with declares intra-module composition relationships (e.g., [:normalize, :persist])

Manual @doc Coexistence

api() writes to two independent slots in the BEAM docs chunk: doc text (slot 4) and hints metadata (slot 5). You can write a manual @docafterapi() to provide custom prose while keeping the structured metadata:

api(:imbalance!, "Calculate orderbook imbalance (raises on error).",
  params: [orderbook: [kind: :exchange_data, description: "Orderbook data"]],
  returns: %{type: :float, description: "Imbalance ratio"}
)

@doc "Bang variant of `imbalance/2`. Returns the float directly or raises on error."
def imbalance!(orderbook, depth \\ 10), do: ...

The function gets both the custom @doc text and the full machine-readable hints contract.

Compile-Time Validation

Descripex validates declarations at compile time:

• Every api(:name, ...) must have a matching def name(...)
• Declared param names must match actual function argument names by position
• Mismatches raise CompileError before your code ever runs

ExDoc Compatibility

Descripex automatically escapes { and } in description strings when generating @doc text. This prevents ExDoc's Earmark parser from misinterpreting Elixir-style return types (e.g., {:ok, %{current, history}}) as Inline Attribute Lists.

The raw (unescaped) descriptions are preserved in @doc hints: metadata — only the human-readable @doc text is escaped.

Progressive Disclosure

Discover a library's API incrementally — from overview to function detail:

# Make your library discoverable
defmodule MyLib do
  use Descripex.Discoverable, modules: [MyLib.Funding, MyLib.Risk]
end

MyLib.describe()                     # Level 1: library overview
MyLib.describe(:funding)             # Level 2: module functions
MyLib.describe(:funding, :annualize) # Level 3: function detail

Short names are derived from the last module segment (e.g., MyLib.Funding → :funding). Full module atoms also work. Non-Descripex modules are included with basic function listings.

Or use the functional API directly:

modules = [MyLib.Funding, MyLib.Risk]
Descripex.Describe.describe(modules)
Descripex.Describe.describe(modules, :funding, :annualize)

Manifest

Build a JSON-serializable manifest from all declared modules:

Descripex.Manifest.build([MyLib.Funding, MyLib.Risk])

JSON Schema

Add schema: to params, opts, or returns to compile Elixir type syntax into JSON Schema at compile time:

params: [
  side: [kind: :value, description: "Trade side", schema: :buy | :sell],
  prices: [kind: :value, description: "Price list", schema: [float()]]
],
returns: %{type: :map, description: "Result", schema: %{score: float(), tags: [String.t()]}}

Conversion is handled by json_spec at compile time; the resulting JSON Schema map lands in hints.params.*.schema and hints.returns.schema. Params without schema: are unaffected.

The emitted JSON Schema is standard — consumers can validate incoming data against it using any JSON Schema validator (e.g., JSV for Elixir, or equivalent libraries in other languages).

MCP Tool Generation

Convert annotated modules into MCP tool definitions:

Descripex.MCP.tools([MyLib.Funding, MyLib.Risk])
# => [%{name: "funding__annualize", description: "...", inputSchema: %{...}}, ...]

Each api()-annotated function becomes a tool with name, description, and inputSchema. Params with schema: get typed JSON Schema properties; params without get description-only properties. Pass name_style: :full for fully-qualified tool names.

Static JSON Export

Export the manifest as JSON to disk:

mix descripex.manifest MyApp.Funding MyApp.Risk
mix descripex.manifest --app my_app           # auto-discover annotated modules
mix descripex.manifest --pretty --output priv/manifest.json MyApp.Funding

Requires jason ~> 1.4 as a dev dependency in your project. Modules can also be configured via config :descripex, manifest_modules: [...].

Dogfooding

Descripex describes itself. The library's own modules use api() declarations and Discoverable:

Descripex.describe()                     # Overview of Manifest, Describe, and MCP
Descripex.describe(:mcp)                 # Functions in MCP
Descripex.describe(:mcp, :tools)         # Full detail for tools/1

Documentation

Full documentation is available on HexDocs.

Quality Gates

Run mix doctor as part of local/CI checks. This project enforces 100% @doc, @spec, and @moduledoc coverage.

License

MIT